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AWS Media Services

How to Create a Virtual Linear Channel with AWS Media Services

Use AWS Elemental MediaTailor to assemble VOD or live source manifests into a scheduled linear stream, then start and test the output. Learn where MediaLive and MediaPackage fit.

By DocumentaryTube Team 4 min read
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For a VOD-led virtual channel, use AWS Elemental MediaTailor channel assembly: register on-demand assets, arrange them as scheduled programs, configure an HLS or DASH output, then start the channel and test its playback URL. MediaTailor assembles a live linear manifest from source manifests; it does not itself host the underlying media segments.

Choose the AWS service for each job

A virtual linear channel can mean a scheduled stream assembled from existing video, or a workflow that ingests and encodes live sources. These are different needs, and AWS services named “channels” are not interchangeable.

Service or resource Role Use it when
MediaTailor channel assembly Schedules VOD or live source manifests into a linear presentation, with optional ad breaks and personalized ad insertion. The media segments remain at the source origin. You have existing assets or source manifests and need a scheduled linear playback presentation.
MediaLive channel Ingests and transcodes input content, then packages the resulting content into outputs. Your workflow needs live input encoding or transcoding.
MediaPackage channel and origin endpoints Receives encoder streams and packages content for downstream playback requests. You need an origin and packaging layer for encoder output.

A MediaLive channel and a MediaPackage channel are different resource types, and neither is the same as a MediaTailor channel assembly channel. See the MediaTailor channel assembly guide, the MediaLive User Guide, and MediaPackage documentation.

What you need before creating a channel

  • A source origin: MediaTailor needs access to source manifests. AWS lists Amazon S3, a web server, a CDN, or a packaging origin such as MediaPackage as possible source locations.
  • VOD assets and manifests: Each source represents an asset such as a movie, episode, or clip. The origin serves the media segments; MediaTailor assembles the presentation.
  • A compatible package configuration: Choose HLS or DASH, and ensure each source’s package configuration and source group match the output format.
  • An ad slate if needed: A VOD slate can be specified for an ad break. Personalized ad insertion is a separate MediaTailor capability.

Create and start a VOD-led channel

  1. Set up the source location. In the MediaTailor console, configure the origin URL for your manifests. Check that the origin is reachable and that the manifests reference available segments.
  2. Register the VOD sources. Add each asset and its package configuration. Select the package format/source group appropriate to the channel output; HLS and DASH are supported in the documented workflow.
  3. Create the channel and output. Choose the playback mode and configure a unique manifest name, output format, source group, and manifest window. AWS’s console setup instructions specify a window from 30 seconds to 3,600 seconds. The window controls how much of the linear presentation is represented in the sliding manifest.
  4. Set the channel policy. Decide who can request playback. AWS’s procedure notes that a public policy is needed for MediaTailor ad insertion; do not make an output public unless that access is intended.
  5. Build the schedule. Add VOD or live sources as programs in the sequence you want them to play. If a program needs an ad break, configure it as part of the schedule and provide a VOD slate where applicable.
  6. Start the channel. A newly created channel is stopped. Start it before requesting playback; an attempt to fetch the output before activation can return an HTTP 4xx response.
  7. Test the output playback URL. Open the configured output URL in a compatible player and verify that the manifest is available and advances through the scheduled content. Check the origin manifest and segment availability if playback fails.

AWS describes the function succinctly: “A channel assembles your sources into a live linear stream.” Read the official channel assembly documentation for the console procedure and service details.

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When the workflow also needs live encoding or packaging

MediaTailor’s assembly role does not replace encoding. If a live input needs to be decoded and encoded, MediaLive may be part of the workflow; if encoder output needs to be packaged behind playback endpoints, MediaPackage may be part of it. This is an architecture distinction, not a universal requirement: a VOD schedule can use MediaTailor with an existing origin and does not automatically require MediaLive.

AWS defines a MediaLive channel as a resource that “ingests and transcodes (decodes and encodes) source content from the inputs that are attached to that channel, and packages the new content into outputs.” MediaPackage then handles packaging for downstream playback requests through origin endpoints. See the MediaLive User Guide and MediaPackage documentation.

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Costs and stopping an idle channel

AWS’s MediaTailor getting-started tutorial lists a channel fee of $0.10 per hour while the channel is active and says inactive, stopped channels are not charged for that channel fee. This is not a complete workflow estimate: origin storage, encoding, CDN delivery, and advertising services can add separate costs. Stop a channel when it is no longer needed, and check current AWS pricing and your own usage before estimating a deployment budget.

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