NAZA, a documentary by Israeli filmmakers Yuval Abraham and Rachel Szor, has opened at New York’s IFC Center after its North American premiere at the New York Film Festival. The film uses anonymous interviews with Israeli military and intelligence personnel to examine targeting systems and estimates of civilian casualties in Gaza. Its allegations are disputed: the Israeli military rejected the filmmakers’ findings, while a critical review questioned how much the film establishes on screen.
What is NAZA about?
Produced by the Guardian, NAZA is an approximately 80-minute documentary about how Israeli military and intelligence personnel describe target selection and the expected civilian harm of airstrikes in Gaza. The title refers to a Hebrew military acronym for collateral damage: the number of civilians expected to die in an airstrike.
The Guardian says the film features 24 anonymous interviewees. Filmed at night on Tel Aviv rooftops, the interviews show people whose faces and voices are obscured; some use pen and paper to illustrate their accounts. The filmmakers told the Associated Press that the sources were anonymous because they feared retaliation and that their claims had been carefully vetted. That is the filmmakers’ account of their process, not independent confirmation of every assertion.
The Guardian describes the film as building on reporting it published with +972 Magazine and Hebrew-language outlet Local Call between 2023 and 2025. Its interview format places personal accounts at the center, while anonymity limits what viewers can use to independently identify and assess each speaker.
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What does the film allege, and what does Israel say?
The interviewees describe sophisticated systems, including AI-supported tools, used to identify suspected militants and recommend targets. They also discuss estimates of civilian casualties. One account presented in the film says an operation targeting a Hamas militant anticipated 500 civilian deaths. The Israeli military denied that specific claim and rejected the filmmakers’ findings, according to the Associated Press.
These are allegations presented through anonymous testimony, not a legal judgment or a complete, independently established account of how a particular strike was authorized. The military’s denial is part of the dispute; it does not, on its own, resolve the underlying factual questions.
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At a New York Film Festival question-and-answer session, director Rachel Szor said, “Our country is doing so much to hide these systems.” Co-director Yuval Abraham defended confidentiality for sources, saying, “Throughout the history of investigative journalism, very often granting confidentiality to sources is a means to pursue the truth.” The Guardian reported both remarks.
Why is the film’s evidence contested?
The film’s journalistic basis and its on-screen evidentiary detail are separate questions. The Guardian and AP describe it as drawing on prior reporting and interviews with insiders; the filmmakers say they vetted the anonymous sources. But viewers cannot readily check the interviewees’ identities, and the claims they make are not all accompanied in the film by names, dates, or underlying records.
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A critical review in The Atlantic argued that the documentary does not provide enough names, dates, and corroboration to establish its claims and may primarily confirm what viewers already believe. That critique raises a question about the specificity available to viewers; it is not itself a definitive fact-check of every allegation. Likewise, the filmmakers’ stated vetting process does not settle each disputed claim.
Keeping those distinctions in view matters: anonymous testimony, prior published reporting, the documentary’s framing, the military’s response, and independent verification are not interchangeable forms of evidence.
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Why has NAZA prompted political backlash?
The filmmakers and the documentary have faced threats and sharp criticism from Israeli officials, the Guardian and AP report. The Guardian says senior officials called for the directors’ citizenship to be revoked. AP reports that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu called the film antisemitic and that a cabinet minister threatened the directors’ citizenship. These are reported political responses, not findings about the documentary’s accuracy.
The filmmakers and AP have also situated the U.S. release in the context of American military support for Israel. AP reported that an academic study published in 2025 found at least $21.7 billion in military assistance from the Biden and Trump administrations during the first two years of the war. That figure is attributed to the study as reported by AP; it is context for the debate, not evidence for or against a specific allegation in the film.
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Where can you watch NAZA in the U.S.?
| Option | What is announced | What to check |
|---|---|---|
| Theatrical screenings | The film opened at New York’s IFC Center after its North American premiere at the New York Film Festival. The Guardian announced expansion to Los Angeles and other key U.S. cities from October 9, 2026, followed by a national rollout. | Screenings depend on city, venue, and date. Check current listings with the theater before making plans. |
| Free online stream | The Guardian planned a free stream on its website after the theatrical run, for late November 2026. | This is an announced plan, not confirmation that the stream is available. Check the Guardian’s site for its release status. |
The Guardian also announced theatrical distribution in 55 other territories with MK2 Films. Its rollout announcement named markets including the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Canada, Hong Kong, Brazil, Turkey, Thailand, France, Spain, Germany, Central America, and the Middle East. Release timing and availability vary by territory.
What recognition has the film received?
NAZA won the Venice Special Jury Prize. The Guardian also reported a 25-minute standing ovation at Venice; that audience response is distinct from the jury award.
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