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How YouTube RTMP ingest settings work
Your encoder sends one live video feed to YouTube over RTMP or RTMPS. YouTube automatically detects the encoder settings by default, then transcodes the incoming stream into multiple formats for viewers. The resolution you send is therefore an ingest setting, not a promise that every viewer will receive that exact resolution: playback options depend on YouTube’s transcoding and the viewer’s connection and device. YouTube’s live encoder settings guidance recommends automatic detection unless you need manual control.
Recommended live ingest bitrates
Use the recommendation for your selected resolution, frame rate and codec. The values below are YouTube’s recommended ingest bitrates in Mbps in its English-language live encoder guidance, retrieved October 3, 2026; the page did not show a publication or revision date. They are recommendations, not hard minimums, and the two codec columns are not interchangeable.
| Resolution and frame rate | AV1 or H.265 (HEVC) | H.264 |
|---|---|---|
| 2160p (4K), 60 fps | 35 Mbps | 50 Mbps |
| 2160p (4K), 30 fps | 30 Mbps | 42 Mbps |
| 1440p, 60 fps | 24 Mbps | 34 Mbps |
| 1440p, 30 fps | 15 Mbps | 21 Mbps |
| 1080p, 60 fps | 12 Mbps | 17 Mbps |
| 1080p, 30 fps | 10 Mbps | 14 Mbps |
| 720p, 60 fps | 6 Mbps | 8 Mbps |
| 720p, 30 fps | 6 Mbps | 8 Mbps |
| 480p, 30 fps | 3 Mbps | 4 Mbps |
| 360p, 30 fps | 3 Mbps | 4 Mbps |
These are live ingest figures, not YouTube’s separate recommendations for uploaded video files. Do not substitute an upload-encoding table when configuring a live encoder.
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Which resolution and frame rate should you choose?
Choose for sustained capacity, not a speed-test peak
Higher resolution preserves more detail; a higher frame rate can make motion look smoother. Both require the encoder and connection to hold the selected settings continuously. Run an upload speed test as YouTube recommends, and leave practical headroom instead of treating the measured peak as a sustained bitrate. Headroom is operational guidance, not a numeric threshold specified by YouTube.
Practical starting points
- 1080p at 30 fps: a practical choice when you want full-HD detail but have less upload capacity than a 60 fps setup calls for. YouTube recommends 10 Mbps for AV1/H.265 or 14 Mbps for H.264.
- 1080p at 60 fps: choose it when smoother motion matters and the encoder and connection can sustain the higher target: 12 Mbps for AV1/H.265 or 17 Mbps for H.264.
- 720p: useful when reliability takes priority over detail or upload capacity is constrained. YouTube’s recommendations are 6 Mbps for AV1/H.265 and 8 Mbps for H.264 at both 30 and 60 fps.
- 1440p or 4K: use these only when your source, encoder and connection can maintain the corresponding codec-specific bitrate. YouTube says 2160p (4K) has no option to improve for low latency and is optimized for quality at normal latency.
YouTube lists ingest frame rates up to 60 fps. Select 30 or 60 fps to match the program and the capability of the encoder; do not choose a higher setting simply because the source or encoder offers it.
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Encoder settings to configure
YouTube’s encoder guidance documents these core settings. Treat its advanced recommendations as documented targets that depend on encoder and codec support, not as mandatory controls every encoder exposes.
| Setting | YouTube guidance |
|---|---|
| Protocol | RTMP or RTMPS; YouTube recommends RTMPS. |
| Video codec | H.264, H.265 (HEVC) or AV1. |
| Frame rate | Up to 60 fps. |
| Bitrate mode | CBR (constant bitrate); use the recommended bitrate for the chosen resolution, frame rate and codec. |
| Keyframe interval | 2 seconds recommended; do not exceed 4 seconds. |
| Audio codec | AAC or MP3. 5.1 surround sound over RTMP/RTMPS is supported only with AAC. |
| Advanced video guidance | Square pixels, progressive scan, two B-frames, one reference frame, CABAC, Rec. 709 for SDR, and 8-bit SDR. |
| HDR | H.265 (HEVC), 10-bit; AV1 is not supported for HDR. |
| AV1 at 3840 Ă— 2160 and above | At least two tile columns. |
Set up a continuous YouTube stream
- Choose a sustainable output. Select the resolution and frame rate the encoder and upstream connection can maintain. Run an upload speed test and allow headroom for variation.
- Choose automatic or manual detection. Leave YouTube’s resolution and frame-rate detection automatic unless you have a reason to set them yourself. For manual resolution selection, use a custom stream key and choose the manual settings option in Live Control Room.
- Match the encoder to the ingest target. Select a supported codec, apply the corresponding recommended bitrate from the table, set CBR, and configure a 2-second keyframe interval. Keep the interval at or below 4 seconds.
- Connect securely where possible. Use RTMPS if your encoder supports it. YouTube explains how to reveal the RTMPS URL in Live Control Room in its RTMPS setup guidance; the encoder must support RTMPS.
- Test the actual program. Before going live, test with representative audio and movement rather than a static screen or silent feed. YouTube Help says, “Make sure to test before you start your live stream.”
- Monitor while live. Watch stream health and encoder messages during the event. YouTube Help advises: “During the event, monitor the stream health and review messages.”
Continuous-stream considerations
Latency and 4K
Do not select 2160p expecting YouTube’s low-latency improvement option: YouTube says 4K/2160 streams are optimized for quality at normal latency and do not have that option. If low latency is more important than maximum detail, choose a lower resolution that fits the latency mode you need.
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Copyright and reused material
Technical ingest settings do not grant rights to the video or audio you stream. For continuous programming, make sure you have permission to use the material and music, and review YouTube’s rules on copyright and monetization before scheduling a loop. A stream’s technical stability does not establish that the content is eligible for monetization or exempt from copyright claims.
Troubleshooting common ingest problems
| Symptom | Likely cause | What to check |
|---|---|---|
| Stream health reports unstable or the picture drops out | The connection cannot sustain the selected bitrate, or its available upload rate varies. | Run an upload speed test, reduce resolution or frame rate, and use the matching recommended bitrate. Avoid setting bitrate at the connection’s measured peak. |
| Encoder connects but YouTube detects unexpected resolution or frame rate | Automatic detection is enabled, or the encoder output differs from the intended configuration. | Confirm the actual encoder output. If manual control is needed, use a custom stream key and select manual resolution settings in Live Control Room. |
| Video looks soft or motion is less smooth than expected | The chosen ingest resolution or frame rate may be lower than the source, or the encoder may be scaling output. | Check the source and encoder output dimensions and frame rate, then verify the matching bitrate target and available connection capacity. |
| Encoder cannot connect using RTMPS | The encoder may not support RTMPS, or the configured server URL may not match the RTMPS endpoint. | Verify RTMPS support and the URL shown in Live Control Room. Use RTMP only if RTMPS is unavailable in the encoder. |
| Audio is missing or 5.1 surround does not work as expected | The audio codec or channel format may not match YouTube’s documented support. | Use AAC or MP3 for audio; for 5.1 over RTMP/RTMPS, use AAC. |
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