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What AI Actually Changed in *The Brutalist*—and What It Didn’t

The Brutalist did use AI-assisted voice conversion, but the reported work was limited to refining selected Hungarian sounds in existing performances by Adrien Brody and Felicity Jones.
Opened Runtime7 min Written byDocumentaryTube Team
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The Brutalist did use AI-assisted voice technology, but not to generate Adrien Brody’s or Felicity Jones’ performances. The reported use was limited to refining selected sounds in their Hungarian dialogue, while the actors’ original performances remained the foundation of the finished audio.

Yes, The Brutalist used AI—but the headline needs qualification

Director Brady Corbet confirmed that the film used Respeecher voice-conversion technology during post-production. The tool was applied to portions of the Hungarian dialogue spoken by Adrien Brody, who plays architect László Tóth, and Felicity Jones, who plays his wife Erzsébet.

Corbet said the process corrected “certain vowels and letters” and did not alter any English-language dialogue. Respeecher describes the work as pronunciation refinement: the actors’ recorded performances were retained, while selected sounds were adjusted with guidance from a native Hungarian speaker.

That makes “AI altered the characters’ accents” directionally understandable but technically imprecise. The available account is closer to AI-assisted pronunciation correction or phoneme-level voice conversion than to wholesale voice replacement.

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The Brutalist [Blu-ray]
  • Brady Corbet
  • Best Picture Nominee
  • Adrien Brody
  • Felicity Jones
  • Guy Pearce

Respeecher’s account of the production says the goal was to improve Hungarian pronunciation without losing the actors’ emotion, timing, cadence, or delivery.

How the process reportedly worked

The workflow began with the performances Brody and Jones had already recorded. The production then used pronunciation guidance from Dávid Jancsó, the film’s editor and a native Hungarian speaker, to identify sounds that needed refinement.

  1. The actors performed the scenes and supplied the original recordings.
  2. The production tried conventional ADR for lines requiring correction.
  3. The newly recorded material did not preserve the energy and character of the original takes closely enough.
  4. Jancsó provided native-language pronunciation guidance.
  5. Respeecher’s system modified selected vowel and consonant sounds within the existing performances.
  6. The corrected material was incorporated into the final mix.

Jancsó characterized the intervention as replacing or correcting individual letters and sounds. That description should not be interpreted to mean that every change was literally limited to one isolated letter, or that the final audio was untouched. The important distinction is that the process reportedly modified targeted portions of existing recordings rather than generating complete performances from text.

Respeecher says the technology worked from the actors’ original performances, using a native speaker as a pronunciation reference. In that sense, the software functioned as a specialized post-production tool rather than an autonomous acting system.

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Whose voices were affected?

The publicly identified actors are Adrien Brody and Felicity Jones. The reported intervention concerned their Hungarian-language dialogue—not every line they delivered and not their English dialogue.

Brody and Jones had also worked for months with dialect coach Tanera Marshall. Corbet emphasized that preparation when responding to the controversy, arguing that the actors had done the acting and that the technology was used only to refine limited pronunciation details.

Reporting from Variety put the scale of the AI-assisted work at less than five minutes of the film. That figure is important context: it does not make the ethical questions disappear, but it does mean the evidence does not support claims that the entire movie’s dialogue was synthetic or extensively replaced.

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  • Balanced textures preserve original artistic visual style
  • Clear audio supports immersive emotionally charged storytelling
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Was Brody’s voice cloned?

The answer depends on what “cloned” means.

Respeecher uses voice-conversion terminology for the process. The system worked from Brody’s existing recording and mapped corrected pronunciation onto it. That is materially different from generating a new performance from a written script using a text-to-speech model.

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However, the final sound was still synthetically manipulated. It would therefore be misleading to say that nothing changed. The most accurate description is:

The technology did not generate Brody’s performance from scratch; it modified selected sounds within an existing recorded performance.

The same distinction applies to Jones’ reported Hungarian dialogue. The acting—interpretation, emotion, timing, physicality, and scene work—came from the actors. The finished audio nevertheless included technology-assisted alterations.

Why didn’t the production simply use ADR?

Traditional ADR can solve pronunciation problems, but replacing a line after the fact can change its rhythm, emotional force, and relationship to the actor’s physical performance. According to Jancsó’s account, the production found that newly recorded lines did not retain the energy of the original takes.

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Manually correcting a large amount of Hungarian dialogue in conventional audio software would also have been slow and technically demanding. Voice conversion offered a way to preserve the original delivery while targeting the sounds that raised concerns.

This is the practical argument for the technique: it can sit between two imperfect options—accepting a pronunciation issue in an otherwise strong take, or asking the actor to recreate the line and risking a flatter or less authentic performance.

It also creates a new production question. If a tool makes phonetic correction easier, filmmakers may be more willing to keep performances that would previously have required additional language coaching, pickups, or reshoots. The efficiency is real, but so is the possibility of normalizing more extensive alterations.

What was not changed?

Based on the public explanations, the process was not:

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  • the generation of Brody’s entire performance;
  • the wholesale replacement of Brody’s or Jones’ voices;
  • text-to-speech creation of dialogue without the actors’ recordings;
  • an alteration of the actors’ English accents;
  • the replacement of the actors with synthetic performers; or
  • a new performance recorded without using the original takes.

Corbet said no English-language dialogue was changed. That statement comes from the director and should be attributed as such; it is not an independently audited technical report.

Why the disclosure caused backlash

The controversy arrived while The Brutalist was being treated as a major artistic and awards-season achievement. Brody’s performance was central to the film’s reception, so any suggestion that AI had changed his voice raised an immediate question: how much of the performance belonged to the actor, and how much had been manufactured afterward?

The initial framing also compressed several very different technologies into the single word “AI.” Audiences often associate AI voice tools with synthetic performances, voice impersonation, or actors being replaced. The reported workflow here was narrower, but it still involved changing recorded speech.

That distinction explains why both extremes are misleading. “AI made the acting” overstates what happened. “Nothing meaningful happened” understates the fact that the final vocal track was altered with voice-conversion technology.

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Corbet argued that the issue had been blown out of proportion, while the production’s explanations stressed the limited amount of material involved. The public discussion nevertheless raised legitimate questions about disclosure, consent, authorship, and the boundary between dialogue editing and performance synthesis.

Does actor consent settle the issue?

Reporting indicates that the actors were aware of and agreed to the process, but that claim should be attributed to the production or editor rather than treated as independently verified contractual documentation.

Consent is central, but it does not answer every question. A performer may agree to a limited pronunciation correction without agreeing to changes in emotional delivery, vocal identity, or the creation of new dialogue. Contracts and production practices will need to distinguish among those uses.

The ethical assessment would also change if the technology were used to alter a character’s emotional performance, timing, or identity rather than a handful of pronunciation details. A small number of changed sounds can be meaningfully different from a generated monologue, but “small” does not automatically mean “irrelevant.”

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Accent, pronunciation, and authenticity are not the same thing

An accent generally refers to a broader pattern of speech associated with a region, language, or community. The public descriptions of The Brutalist focus more narrowly on vowels, consonants, and individual sounds in Hungarian.

That difference matters. Calling the process “accent alteration” can suggest that the actors’ entire vocal identities were transformed. “AI-assisted Hungarian pronunciation refinement” is more precise.

It also highlights the cultural dimension. Native-language review may improve linguistic accuracy, but authenticity is not merely a technical setting. A production still has to decide who has authority over the language, whose pronunciation is treated as the standard, and how much of an actor’s own performance can be changed after recording.

A separate issue: the film’s architectural imagery

Related reporting has also discussed generative AI during the development of architectural concepts or mockups for the film. This is separate from the dialogue work and should not be used as evidence that AI generated the actors’ performances.

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Corbet said the final architectural images were hand-drawn and deliberately designed to resemble poor digital renderings from the period depicted. Because the available account of the preliminary imagery comes through secondary reporting and later company material, the distinction should be stated cautiously: AI was reportedly used for development concepts, while the final images were said to be hand-drawn.

The larger question for filmmakers

The Brutalist illustrates a boundary that will become increasingly important in film production:

  • Performance creation: the actor’s interpretation, emotion, timing, movement, and delivery.
  • Performance finishing: ADR, editing, noise reduction, pitch correction, pronunciation repair, and voice conversion.

Those categories are not completely separate. Finishing work can affect how audiences perceive an actor, even when the original performance remains intact. The relevant questions are therefore not only whether AI was used, but also:

  • How much of the recorded material was changed?
  • What exactly did the system alter?
  • Did the actor consent to that specific use?
  • Was a native speaker supplying guidance or an audible performance?
  • Were audiences, awards bodies, and performers told about the intervention?
  • Would the production have made the same creative choice without the technology?

Those questions provide a better framework than treating every AI-assisted audio process as either harmless editing or synthetic acting.

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The bottom line

The Brutalist used a real AI voice-conversion process, but the disclosed use was narrow and human-directed. Respeecher was reportedly used to refine selected Hungarian pronunciation in performances already recorded by Adrien Brody and Felicity Jones. Corbet said the English dialogue was untouched, and Variety reported that less than five minutes of the film were affected.

The controversy is therefore neither accurately described as “AI made the acting” nor dismissed as “nothing happened.” The actors supplied the performances, but the final vocal recordings were still altered. That distinction—not the headline alone—is the key to understanding what happened and why it matters.

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