Quick wins for a faster PC:
Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsFix Now →Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesFind Drivers →Kotiganahalli Ramaiah, a Kannada poet and cultural activist who co-founded the Dalit Sangharsha Samiti in Karnataka, translated several Telugu resistance songs by Gaddar into Kannada and gave them to singers, who then passed them on orally. In his Kannada version of the song known in English as “Lachumamma under the Jasmine Tree,” he replaced the jasmine with a kanigele tree, because that tree was bound to his own mother’s experience. He presents the change as personal and situated rather than a botanical substitution. His account appeared as a first-person essay in Scroll on August 13, 2023.
Who translated the songs, and why
Ramaiah says he was at first distant from Gaddar’s songs. He was then drawn to the ones that challenged feudal relations, and he began translating them for singers in Karnataka. He does not claim to have translated all of Gaddar’s work, and the Kannada versions he describes are adaptations rather than word-for-word renderings. On his own pull toward the songs, he writes: “Why these songs called out to me to translate them is hardly a matter of wonder.”
The Times of India gives Gaddar’s birth name as Gummadi Vittal Rao. The Scroll essay refers to him only as Gaddar, so the birth name is useful background rather than something Ramaiah’s account depends on.
The tree that changed: from sirimallige to kanigele
The Telugu song’s line, which Ramaiah cites as “sirimalle cettukinda laccumammo,” names the sirimallige, or jasmine, tree. Ramaiah keeps the Telugu image as the reference point and changes the tree in his Kannada rendering. The table below sets out the elements he describes.
Do these 3 things before closing this tab:
1Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute2Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors3Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches#1 Best Overall
- Read Before You Buy — No Video Output: These adapters support charging and USB 2.0 data transfer, but cannot transmit video signals. Except for standard USB webcams (which use USB data only), they are not compatible with HDMI/DisplayPort cables, video-capable USB-C hubs, or docking stations with video output.
- Convert USB-A Ports to USB-C: Designed to connect USB-C earphones, cables, flash drives, card readers, and other USB-C accessories to standard USB-A ports. Plug-and-play with no drivers or software required.
- Aluminum Alloy Housing: Built with a sturdy aluminum alloy shell that aids in heat dissipation and protects against daily wear and scratches. Designed to maintain a stable and secure connection.
- Compact & Travel-Friendly: The ultra-compact design allows the adapter to stay plugged into your device without blocking adjacent ports or adding bulk, reducing wear and tear on your original USB ports.
- 12-Month Warranty: Backed by a 12-month manufacturer warranty for peace of mind. Designed to meet strict quality control standards for reliable everyday performance.
| Element | Telugu original (as cited in the essay) | Ramaiah’s Kannada rendering | Basis for the choice, per Ramaiah |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tree | Sirimallige (jasmine) | Kanigele | The tree was bound to his mother’s experience |
| Central figure | Lachumamma | Lachumamma | He understood her through the lives of his mother and other working-class and Dalit women |
| Nature of the change | Source wording | Deliberate adaptation, not a word-for-word rendering | Chosen for personal and social resonance with his listeners |
The sharpest statement in the essay concerns the figure itself. Ramaiah writes that the Lachumamma Gaddar placed before himself while composing the song “was none other than the portrait of my mother.” This is Ramaiah’s reading of the song, not a claim about Gaddar’s intent that can be checked independently. It explains why the translation carries a personal memory into the Kannada song, and why he treats the tree substitution as meaningful rather than incidental.
The choice should not be read as a contest over which version is more authentic. The Telugu and Kannada songs are two situated versions of the same image, and the essay’s argument is that the image travels best when it is rooted in a listener’s own world.
Rank #2
- 5-in-1 USB-C Hub: Experience comprehensive connectivity featuring a Power Delivery input, two USB-A 2.0 ports, a USB-A 3.0 port, and an HDMI port. (Note: The USB-C power delivery input port is only for connecting an external wall charger to power your laptop and cannot power peripheral devices.)
- 90W Pass-Through Charging: Achieve optimal charging with 90W pass-through power to your laptop, supported by a total input of 100W, with the hub reserving 10W for operational efficiency. (Note: Wall charger not included.)
- Quick Data Transfers: Accelerate your productivity with rapid data transfers using a high-speed 5Gbps USB 3.0 port and two 480Mbps USB 2.0 ports.
- 4K HDMI Display: Enhance your visual experience with a hub capable of delivering 4K resolution at 30Hz in both mirror and extend modes. Please note that this hub is compatible with MacBook (macOS 12 and newer), Windows 10 and 11, ChromeOS, and laptops equipped with DP Alt Mode and Power Delivery. Note: This device is not compatible with Linux.
- What You Get: Anker USB-C Hub (5-in-1, 4K HDMI), welcome guide, 18-month warranty, and our friendly customer service.
The songs Ramaiah names
Ramaiah names four songs whose Kannada versions he says he translated and passed to singers. Each title below is an English gloss:
- “Darkness in Every House”
- “What caste are you, Man?”
- “Lachumamma under the Jasmine Tree,” the song discussed above
- “Boy from a Village”
He does not present this as a complete list of his translations, and the essay does not establish how many of Gaddar’s songs were rendered into Kannada in total.
Free tools Windows power users keep installed
One-click scans. No signup required.
Rank #3
- Sleek 7-in-1 USB-C Hub: Features an HDMI port, two USB-A 3.0 ports, and a USB-C data port, each providing 5Gbps transfer speeds. It also includes a USB-C PD input port for charging up to 100W and dual SD and TF card slots, all in a compact design.
- Flawless 4K@60Hz Video with HDMI: Delivers exceptional clarity and smoothness with its 4K@60Hz HDMI port, making it ideal for high-definition presentations and entertainment. (Note: Only the HDMI port supports video projection; the USB-C port is for data transfer only.)
- Double Up on Efficiency: The two USB-A 3.0 ports and a USB-C port support a fast 5Gbps data rate, significantly boosting your transfer speeds and improving productivity.
- Fast and Reliable 85W Charging: Offers high-capacity, speedy charging for laptops up to 85W, so you spend less time tethered to an outlet and more time being productive.
- What You Get: Anker USB-C Hub (7-in-1), welcome guide, 18-month warranty, and our friendly customer service.
How the songs reached listeners
The singers and the circuit
Ramaiah places the translations within an ecology of protest singing. He names the Dalit Sangharsha Samiti, the Dalit Kala Mandalis, and singers in Kolar and Raichur. The songs circulated by ear, which is how Ramaiah describes their spread from the translator’s page into performance.
His account of reach
Ramaiah recalls the songs reaching listeners across Karnataka and contributing to Dalit movement consciousness. These are his recollections, not measured outcomes. He also estimates that there were “at least five or six singers” of resistance songs in each district. That figure is his personal recollection and should be read as such; no organization in the essay reports it as a count.
Rank #4
- Dual Converters, Infinite Potential：Includes 2× USB C male to USB A female adapters and 2× USB A male to USB C female adapters. Perfect for a wide range of uses—tablets with Bluetooth keyboards, expand USB ports on macbook, and more. Two different converters for all your daily needs
- Next-Level 10Gbps & 3A Charging: No more slow 480Mbps, this usb to usb c adapter has a transfer speed of up to 10Gbps, allowing you to do more transferring in less time. This usb adapter fits both USB A and USB C charger, supporting up to 3A fast charging
- Upgraded Exquisite Craftsmanship: With an aluminum alloy housing and metal connector, the usbc to usb adapter is extremely durable and sturdy. Rigorously tested to withstand more than 10,000 times of plugging and unplugging, ensuring long-lasting performance
- Broad Compatible: The usb c to usb adapter widely supports all USB C/ USB A devices like laptops, tablets, cellphones, car chargers, and phone chargers. Such as compatible with MacBook Pro/Air 2023/2022, Thunderbolt 4/3 Devices,Apple MagSafe Watch 9/8/7/SE/Ultra, iPad Pro 2022/2021, Samsung Galaxy S23/S20/S10, and iPhone 17/16/15 Pro. Plug and play
- Please Note: To reach 10Gbps speed, keep the cable under 3.3 ft. For USB A Male to USB C adapters, try flipping the USB C connector. USB C Male to USB A adapters support bidirectional 10Gbps transfer within 3.3 ft
The Kannada songwriters he places alongside them
Ramaiah also describes Kannada songwriters and performers, including Siddalingaiah, Janardhana (known as Janni), and Basavalingaiah. He offers a comparison between the Telugu and Kannada traditions, but it is his own assessment. It is not a settled ranking, and it should be read as one participant’s view.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Horatada Hadugalu, the first Samiti collection
Ramaiah recounts that the Dalit Sangharsha Samiti’s first collection was titled Horatada Hadugalu (Songs of Resistance). He describes how it was made, what its cover looked like, and its role for singers, and he calls it a primary source for many of them. The essay is the only account of the collection available here. It does not establish whether the collection is still in print, who publishes it now, or whether it has an ISBN, so readers looking for a copy should treat its current availability as unconfirmed.
Best Value
- 5-in-1 Connectivity: Equipped with a 4K HDMI port, a 5 Gbps USB-C data port, two 5 Gbps USB-A ports, and a USB C 100W PD-IN port. Note: The USB C 100W PD-IN port supports only charging and does not support data transfer devices such as headphones or speakers.
- Powerful Pass-Through Charging: Supports up to 85W pass-through charging so you can power up your laptop while you use the hub. Note: Pass-through charging requires a charger (not included). Note: To achieve full power for iPad, we recommend using a 45W wall charger.
- Transfer Files in Seconds: Move files to and from your laptop at speeds of up to 5 Gbps via the USB-C and USB-A data ports. Note: The USB C 5Gbps Data port does not support video output.
- HD Display: Connect to the HDMI port to stream or mirror content to an external monitor in resolutions of up to 4K@30Hz. Note: The USB-C ports do not support video output.
- What You Get: Anker 332 USB-C Hub (5-in-1), welcome guide, our worry-free 18-month warranty, and friendly customer service.
What the evidence supports, and what it does not
- The core account is a 2023 first-person essay. Its claims about translation choices, the tree substitution, and the songs’ reception are Ramaiah’s own testimony.
- No independent study measuring the reach or effects of these Kannada translations was found. The claims about movement impact are not independently corroborated.
- The Gaddar birth name comes from a Times of India report, which is cited here only as biographical context.
- The article does not claim that any listening, testing, or personal experience of the performances took place beyond what Ramaiah describes.
Further reading
Buffalo Nationalism: A Critique of Spiritual Fascism by Kancha Ilaiah Shepherd is related supplementary reading. Google Books lists a 2018 print edition from SAGE, and that edition includes translated lines from “Lachumamma.” It is not a Kannada collection of Gaddar’s songs or a complete Gaddar songbook, so it does not replace the Kannada sources discussed above.
Quick Recap
Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.
