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Choose the recovery method for the failure
| Method | What it addresses | Important limitation |
|---|---|---|
| FFmpeg FIFO muxer recovery | Temporary output or network failures while FFmpeg continues processing. | It does not relaunch an FFmpeg process that has exited, and it does not guarantee every frame or uninterrupted viewer playback. |
| External process supervisor | Relaunching FFmpeg when the process exits, according to the supervisor’s restart policy. | It may not detect an FFmpeg process that is alive but stalled unless a separate health check or watchdog is configured. |
For broader coverage, use both: configure FIFO recovery for temporary output failures and a supervisor for process exits. Health checks and YouTube broadcast behavior must be verified for your deployment.
Configure FFmpeg to attempt RTMP output recovery
FFmpeg’s FIFO muxer documentation gives an example that continues processing in real time during a temporary network failure and attempts recovery every second. The following is a pattern to adapt, not a universal production command:
ffmpeg -re -i INPUT -c:v libx264 -c:a aac -f fifo -fifo_format flv
-drop_pkts_on_overflow 1 -attempt_recovery 1 -recovery_wait_time 1
-map 0:v -map 0:a rtmp://example.com/live/stream_name
- Replace
INPUT. Use the actual input file or source for your workflow. Keep-rewhen reading a file for real-time streaming; choose encoding and mapping options that match your input and requirements. - Set the output format and recovery options.
-f fifo -fifo_format flvuses the FIFO pseudo-muxer with FLV as the underlying format.-attempt_recovery 1enables recovery attempts, and-recovery_wait_time 1sets the documented example’s wait interval to one second.-drop_pkts_on_overflow 1is part of that documented example; do not interpret the pattern as a promise that no content will be lost. - Map the streams you intend to publish. The example maps the first video and audio streams with
-map 0:v -map 0:a. Adjust or remove mappings if your input does not contain both. - Replace the destination with YouTube’s current ingest URL and key. In Live Control Room, get the server URL and stream key, then use the appropriate destination format for your encoder. Do not publish the real key in scripts, logs shared publicly, or support requests.
- Check the installed FFmpeg build. Confirm the FIFO muxer and options are available in your build, and consult documentation matching that build before relying on their behavior.
This mechanism addresses temporary output failure while FFmpeg is still running. It is not an automatic restart policy for a process that terminates, and the documentation does not promise seamless viewer playback or recovery from every failure type.
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Restart FFmpeg after it exits
Use an external process supervisor configured to restart a failed process. The exact configuration depends on your operating system and supervisor; the sources here do not establish a universal unit file or command. Configure the supervisor to launch the intended FFmpeg command and apply an appropriate restart policy, then confirm from logs that an exited process is relaunched.
A supervisor generally responds to process state, not whether FFmpeg is making useful progress. If FFmpeg stays alive but stalls, detecting that condition requires a separate health check or watchdog. Define and test that check for your deployment rather than assuming a restart policy will identify a stalled stream.
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Set and verify YouTube’s ingest details
- Get the server URL and stream key from YouTube Live Control Room. YouTube’s encoder setup directs you to enter these details in the encoder. Treat the stream key as a credential.
- Use the correct ingest protocol and address. The YouTube Live API exposes primary and backup ingest addresses; it also exposes primary and backup RTMPS addresses. YouTube describes the backup address as an option for simultaneously sending the content, not as a substitute for configuring process recovery.
- If using RTMPS, verify the endpoint. RTMPS is RTMP over TLS/SSL. For relevant SSL errors, YouTube advises checking that the protocol and server are RTMPS and suggests port 443. For timeouts, verify the server URL and that your encoder supports RTMPS.
- Check the broadcast state after a restart. YouTube’s setup guidance describes stopping encoder output to end a stream and says streams under 12 hours are automatically archived. It does not establish that restarting FFmpeg preserves the same broadcast or viewer continuity, so inspect Live Control Room rather than assuming the event remains unchanged.
Troubleshoot an FFmpeg YouTube stream disconnect
- FFmpeg exited: inspect its log for the termination cause and confirm that the external supervisor is configured to relaunch failed processes. FIFO output recovery alone will not relaunch an exited process.
- FFmpeg is running but output reports a temporary failure: check whether the FIFO muxer recovery options are available and correctly placed before the RTMP destination. Review the matching FFmpeg documentation and logs.
- Connection or authentication fails: recheck the current YouTube server URL and stream key in Live Control Room, and confirm that the encoder is using them in the correct fields.
- RTMPS reports an SSL error or timeout: verify the RTMPS protocol and endpoint; for the relevant SSL issue, check port 443. For a timeout, also verify the endpoint and encoder’s RTMPS support.
- The process stays alive but the stream does not progress: a simple process restart policy may not catch a stalled process. Add and test a deployment-specific health check if stalled-process recovery is required.
- You considered HTTP reconnect options: FFmpeg documents
-reconnectoptions for its HTTP protocol implementation. They are not a general fix for an RTMP publishing disconnect and do not restart a dead FFmpeg process. - The broadcast appears different after recovery: check Live Control Room. The available setup guidance does not establish whether a process restart preserves the same live event or viewer continuity.
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