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Cloud Firewall

How to Manage DigitalOcean Droplets From the Command Line

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Use DigitalOcean’s official doctl command-line interface to authenticate to your account, inspect available options, create and manage Droplets, resize them, and apply Cloud Firewall rules. Start by checking current region, size, and image slugs: those options can change. Treat your personal access token as a password, and confirm a target before running any destructive command.

What you need before using doctl

DigitalOcean describes doctl as “the official DigitalOcean command line interface (CLI).” It communicates with the DigitalOcean API and supports most Control Panel functionality. DigitalOcean provides installation options for Windows, macOS, and Linux; consult the doctl CLI documentation for installation and current command syntax.

You will need a DigitalOcean account, a personal access token, and a terminal or shell on a supported operating system. For connecting to a Linux Droplet, arrange SSH access as well; DigitalOcean says SSH-key authentication provides more security than password authentication.

Install and authenticate

  1. Install doctl using DigitalOcean’s current installation instructions.
  2. Create a personal access token in your DigitalOcean account, following the official Droplet creation guide.
  3. Run doctl auth init and provide the token when prompted.
  4. Keep the token private. Do not put a real token in a script, shell-history example, shared terminal recording, or public repository. If it is exposed, revoke it and create a replacement.

Use doctl compute --help and the current command reference to check available subcommands and flags. CLI options may evolve; do not assume an old command copied from a tutorial is still valid.

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Choose a current region, size, and image

A Droplet’s region determines its datacenter location, its size determines the available capacity, and its image supplies the operating system or software environment. List current choices before provisioning instead of relying on a remembered slug:

  • doctl compute region list
  • doctl compute size list
  • doctl compute image list-distribution

Available slugs and capacity can vary. Select an image and size that fit the workload, and specify a region explicitly when location matters. Review the current output and your account’s available options before using any example value.

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Decide on access and protection options

DigitalOcean’s creation and setup guidance also presents SSH keys, user data, backups, monitoring, IPv6, private networking, and tags as configuration choices. They are not universal requirements: select them based on how the Droplet will be accessed and operated. Backup options add cost, so check the current pricing and backup terms before enabling them.

Create a Droplet

The documented command shape is:

doctl compute droplet create <droplet-name> --size <size-slug> --image <image-slug> --region <region-slug>

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--size and --image are required by the current command reference. Supplying --region explicitly makes the destination clear; if omitted, the account’s default region is used. Replace the angle-bracketed values with a name and slugs returned by the listing commands—do not type the brackets. Check doctl compute droplet create --help for current options, including SSH keys and user data, before adding optional flags.

After creation, use the current doctl compute droplet commands in the Droplet command reference to list Droplets and retrieve details for the one you intend to manage. Confirm its name or ID before issuing an action.

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Inspect, operate, and delete safely

Use the CLI reference and doctl compute --help to find the current list, retrieve, action, and delete commands. DigitalOcean’s Droplet API reference documents operations including retrieve, reboot, destroy, backup-related actions, and snapshots.

  • Inspection: Listing Droplets and retrieving details are read-only checks. Use them to verify the target before changing it.
  • Operational actions: Rebooting changes the Droplet’s state and can interrupt services. Schedule it appropriately and verify the effect afterward.
  • Destructive actions: Destroying a Droplet can remove a resource and its data. Verify the exact Droplet and any data or backups you need before confirming a destroy command.

Because syntax and flags can change, consult the installed version’s help and the online reference rather than guessing a command from memory.

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Resize a Droplet with a safe shutdown sequence

DigitalOcean’s resize guidance calls for powering the Droplet off before resizing and powering it back on afterward. It recommends shutting down from inside the guest operating system to reduce data-corruption risk.

  1. Connect to the Droplet and run sudo shutdown -h now from inside the operating system. Wait until it has shut down.
  2. Check current size options with doctl compute size list, then identify the Droplet using the current CLI reference.
  3. Use the documented CLI power-off and resize actions with the correct Droplet ID and an available size slug. Check doctl compute droplet-action --help and the current resize guide for the syntax supported by your installed version.
  4. Decide deliberately whether disk resizing is needed. Do not treat --resize-disk=true as a harmless default: increasing disk size has consequences, and the supported resize direction depends on the selected option.
  5. After the resize completes, use the documented power-on action and check that the Droplet and its services are working.

Manage access with Cloud Firewalls

DigitalOcean Cloud Firewalls are stateful, network-based firewalls for Droplets. They block traffic unless a rule permits it, so an incorrectly restrictive rule can make a service unreachable.

  1. Review the current firewall management guide and firewall creation guide for current CLI syntax.
  2. Create inbound and outbound rules that allow only the ports and sources your services need.
  3. Identify the intended Droplets and confirm their IDs or supported tags before attaching them. The management guide documents doctl compute firewall add-droplets and doctl compute firewall remove-droplets.
  4. Verify both the rules and the attached Droplets after making a change. If a service becomes unreachable, check firewall rules and attachment before changing unrelated settings.

Troubleshoot common command-line problems

  • Authentication fails: Check that doctl is installed and that authentication was initialized with a valid token. If the token was revoked or exposed, create a replacement and authenticate again; never publish it while diagnosing the issue.
  • A region, size, or image slug is rejected: Run the corresponding current listing command again. Availability and slugs can vary, so replace stale values with an option shown for your account.
  • A create command is incomplete or invalid: Confirm that --size and --image are supplied, check optional flags with doctl compute droplet create --help, and verify that the selected values are current.
  • A resize does not proceed: Confirm the Droplet has been shut down, use the current size list, and check the installed command’s help and resize guide for supported actions and disk-resize constraints.
  • A service is unreachable after a firewall change: Check that a rule permits the required port and source, and verify the intended Droplet is attached to the firewall.
  • You are unsure which resource a command will affect: Stop and list or retrieve Droplet details to verify the name or ID. Do not run a destructive action until the target is certain.

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