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How to Add an SSH Key When Creating a DigitalOcean Droplet

Select SSH-key authentication during Droplet creation and attach a public key from your DigitalOcean team or add one on the page. Keep its matching private key secure.

By DocumentaryTube Team 4 min read
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To add an SSH key to a new DigitalOcean Droplet, make sure you have its public key, choose SSH key under Choose Authentication Method on the Droplet creation page, and select or add at least one key before creating the Droplet. Keep the matching private key on your computer: DigitalOcean receives the public key, while your SSH client uses the private one to connect.

Prepare an SSH key pair

An SSH key pair has two parts: a public key, which you can add to DigitalOcean, and a private key, which must remain with you. DigitalOcean recommends SSH keys for Droplet logins rather than password-based authentication. Its guidance says password-based authentication is less secure.

Linux, macOS, or Windows Subsystem for Linux

Use OpenSSH’s ssh-keygen utility to generate a key pair if you do not already have one. DigitalOcean documents the default files as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 (private key) and ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub (public key). When prompted, you can set a passphrase to protect the private key. Do not overwrite an existing key pair unless you are certain you no longer need it: replacing it can prevent access to systems that trust the old key.

For the DigitalOcean form, use the contents of the file ending in .pub, not the private-key file. Never paste or upload the private key.

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Windows without Bash

DigitalOcean documents PuTTY and PuTTYgen as the route for Windows users who do not have Bash. Use PuTTYgen to create a key pair, then provide the public-key text when adding the key to DigitalOcean. Keep the private key available to the SSH client you will use.

Add the public key to your DigitalOcean team

If the key is not already available in the team that will own the Droplet, add it in the Control Panel:

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  1. Switch to the intended DigitalOcean team.
  2. Open Settings → Security → SSH Keys.
  3. Select Add SSH Key.
  4. Paste the public-key text into Public Key, enter a recognizable Key Name, and save.

A key uploaded to the team is available to select when creating future Droplets in that team. Confirm you are working in the intended team before provisioning.

Select the key while creating the Droplet

  1. Open the Droplet creation page and configure the Droplet.
  2. Under Choose Authentication Method, select SSH key.
  3. Select a key already uploaded to the team, or choose Add SSH Key and provide a public key from the page.
  4. Check that at least one key is attached, then create the Droplet.

Keep the corresponding private key on the computer from which you will connect. Selecting a team key authorizes the matching private key; the public key alone is not enough to authenticate as that key’s owner.

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Import a key with doctl instead

If you prefer a terminal workflow, DigitalOcean’s doctl command reference documents importing a local public-key file to the account with this command:

doctl compute ssh-key import <key-name> --public-key-file <path-to-public-key>

Replace <key-name> with a recognizable label and <path-to-public-key> with the path to the public-key file. Account import makes the key available when creating Droplets; it does not install that key on Droplets that already exist. The documented command reference was generated on 1 October 2026 for doctl v1.177.0, so check the current CLI reference if your installed version differs.

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Control Panel or doctl?

Route Where you work What it does Best fit
Control Panel DigitalOcean browser interface Adds a public key to the team for later selection, or lets you add/select a key during Droplet creation. Visual setup or managing keys for repeated use.
doctl import Terminal and account Imports a local public-key file so it is available when creating Droplets; it does not change existing Droplets. Command-line provisioning workflows.

Both routes prepare a key for a new Droplet. Neither account import nor team upload, by itself, changes the authorized keys on an existing server.

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If the Droplet already exists

DigitalOcean says the Control Panel cannot add or modify SSH keys on a Droplet after creation. An existing server needs a separate server-side update, using command-line access or a recovery procedure. Manual installation places the public key in the relevant user’s ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file; the documented permissions are 700 for the ~/.ssh directory and 600 for authorized_keys. Take care to use the correct server user and preserve a working access path while making the change.

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Common problems and fixes

  • The key is not offered during creation: confirm you switched to the intended team and uploaded the public key there, or add it directly from the creation page.
  • You pasted a private key or the key is rejected: use the public-key text from the file ending in .pub. Keep the private key local.
  • You imported the key with doctl but an existing Droplet still rejects it: account import only makes the key available for new Droplet creation. Install the public key on the existing server through a separate server-side procedure.
  • You replaced a key and can no longer log in: the old private key may have been required by the server. Avoid overwriting key pairs until you know where they are used; use another working access method or a recovery procedure to update the server.

Or let it run in the cloud

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