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How World War I Planes Found Their Way to Junagarh Fort

A de Havilland DH-9 at Junagarh Fort in Bikaner is associated with the service of Bikaner State Forces in the First World War. The story of how it arrived remains disputed.
Opened Runtime3 min Written byDocumentaryTube Team
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A de Havilland DH-9 sits in the museum at Junagarh Fort in Bikaner, Rajasthan. The best-known account says parts of two aircraft reached the fort by ship in 1920 as a recognition of Bikaner State Forces’ First World War service, and that one was assembled for display. But another aviation-history account gives a different date and aircraft count, so the plane’s precise provenance remains unsettled.

What is the aircraft at Junagarh Fort?

It is a de Havilland DH-9, a First World War aircraft displayed at Junagarh Fort Museum in Bikaner. The fort is in Rajasthan; it is not Junagadh in Gujarat. The Museums of India listing identifies the DH-9 among the museum’s displays and says the British government presented it to Maharaja Ganga Singh in recognition of Bikaner State Forces’ contribution during the war.

How the aircraft parts reportedly reached Bikaner

A detailed 2021 account by Tiggy Allen says museum signage described the British government presenting parts of two DH-9s as souvenirs for the services of Bikaner State Forces. According to that account, the parts travelled by ship with returning troops and camels and reached Junagarh Fort in 1920. Maharaja Karni Singh and local craftspeople then assembled one aircraft for display.

The account links the presentation to the Ganga Risala, Bikaner’s camel corps. It says Maharaja Ganga Singh offered a 500-strong corps to the British in 1914 and that the unit served in Egypt in 1919. The aircraft story is therefore also a story of how a princely state’s military contribution was commemorated at home. These details are reported in Allen’s feature, not established here through independently examined military records.

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The same feature says the displayed aircraft was reconstructed with improvised replacement components. Its original Siddeley Puma 240 engine was reportedly reused to power water pumps associated with a canal project—an example of how machinery could be put to practical use in Bikaner’s irrigation efforts.

Why the plane’s provenance is not settled

The 1920 arrival story is reported through museum signage quoted secondhand in Allen’s article; the article does not provide a dated photograph or full transcription of the sign. Allen also says it is unclear how many DH-9s came to Bikaner and whether the displayed aircraft was connected to Britain’s Imperial Gift Scheme, which the feature says distributed 60 DH-9s to India in 1920.

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A separate account by Warbirds of India gives a different chronology: it says three DH-9s were gifted to the Bikaner royal family in the early 1930s, and that two later went to the UK. That account does not establish that the Bikaner aircraft were part of the Imperial Gift Scheme. The two versions differ on both date and number, and the available accounts do not resolve the discrepancy.

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What happened to other aircraft from Bikaner?

Allen’s 2021 report says a photograph of deteriorating aircraft remains circulated in 1999, prompting British restorer Guy Black of Aero Vintage to visit in 2002. It reports that Black bought parts of two aircraft after negotiations with the royal family and restored both: one was sold to the Imperial War Museum, while the other is owned by Historic Aircraft Collection. Warbirds of India also reports that two aircraft were taken to the UK and identifies a restored DH-9 as E8894. These are source-attributed accounts of the other airframes; they do not identify the Junagarh Fort display plane by serial number.

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What can be said with confidence

  • The museum display is identified as a de Havilland DH-9.
  • The presentation is associated in the museum listing and 2021 feature with Bikaner State Forces’ First World War service.
  • The account of parts arriving in 1920 and one being assembled at the fort is a reported provenance, not a conclusively established transfer record.
  • The aircraft count, exact transfer date, and any link between the display aircraft and the Imperial Gift Scheme remain uncertain in the accounts cited here.

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