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Joe Biden’s office announced in May 2025 that he had prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 9 (Grade Group 5) and metastasis to bone. The office said the cancer appeared hormone-sensitive. Those details describe an aggressive cancer that had spread beyond the prostate; they do not provide a complete medical record or enough information to predict Biden’s individual outcome.
What Biden’s office announced
On May 16, 2025, Biden’s office said he had been evaluated after increasing urinary symptoms led to the discovery of a prostate nodule. The office reported a diagnosis of prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 9 (Grade Group 5) and metastasis to bone. It also said the cancer appeared hormone-sensitive. These are details attributed to the office’s announcement, not an independent review of pathology or imaging.
The announcement described the cancer as “a more aggressive form of the disease” and said it appeared hormone-sensitive, “which allows for effective management.” That statement described a treatment-relevant characteristic; it was not a claim that the cancer was cured.
What stage 4 and bone metastasis mean
Prostate cancer that has spread to bone is still prostate cancer: it is not primary bone cancer. In the National Cancer Institute’s staging framework, distant spread is stage IVB. “Stage 4” is a common shorthand, while IVB more specifically identifies distant metastatic disease. NCI’s prostate cancer patient information explains staging and treatment.
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Metastasis means cancer cells have traveled from the original prostate tumor to another part of the body. Bone involvement indicates distant disease, but the public announcement did not specify the number or location of bone lesions or provide other scan findings.
How Gleason score differs from stage
Gleason score and Grade Group describe how cancer cells look under examination and help characterize tumor grade. Stage describes where the cancer is and how far it has spread. They answer different questions: a Gleason score of 9 is not itself a stage.
Biden’s office paired the reported Gleason score of 9 with Grade Group 5, the highest Grade Group in the NCI’s patient material. The bone metastasis—not the score alone—is the disclosed evidence of distant spread.
What hormone-sensitive means
Prostate cancer cells can respond to hormones, especially androgens such as testosterone, that can support their growth. When cancer is described as hormone-sensitive, hormone-directed treatment may be useful in controlling it. NCI describes hormone-directed and other systemic approaches for advanced prostate cancer, but the appropriate choices depend on the disease and the patient’s circumstances.
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What was reported about treatment
On October 11, 2025, a spokesperson told CBS News that Biden was receiving hormone treatment and radiation therapy. On October 20, the Associated Press reported that spokesperson Kelly Scully confirmed he had completed a course of radiation therapy at Penn Medicine Radiation Oncology in Philadelphia. Scully said, “I can confirm that he has completed a course of radiation therapy today.” That referred to the reported course of radiation, not completion of all cancer treatment. The AP report did not disclose future plans.
The latest treatment update in the cited reporting is dated October 20, 2025. It does not establish Biden’s health or treatment status after that date, including in October 2026.
What survival statistics can—and cannot—tell you
The National Cancer Institute reports five-year relative survival for U.S. patients diagnosed with prostate cancer during 2014–2020 as follows:
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| Extent of prostate cancer | Five-year relative survival |
|---|---|
| Distant | 37% |
| Local or regional | Greater than 99% |
| All stages combined | 97% |
These are population statistics, not estimates of how long any one person will live or a prediction for Biden. Relative survival compares survival among people with the cancer to survival in the broader population, and the figures cover a defined U.S. diagnosis period. An individual outlook depends on medical details not disclosed in the public statements; the headline details alone cannot determine it. The figures and their context are available in the NCI patient summary.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What the announcement does not establish
- It does not provide Biden’s complete medical record, pathology report, imaging results, or full treatment regimen.
- It does not establish his current health or treatment status after the October 2025 reports.
- It does not show whether screening would have prevented or changed the timing of his diagnosis.
- It does not allow a reliable individual prognosis from the reported stage, grade, and hormone sensitivity alone.
The American Cancer Society and its Cancer Action Network responded to the news by stating, “We can and must do more to prevent late-stage diagnosis and death from prostate cancer.” That is an advocacy statement; it does not establish whether screening would have prevented Biden’s diagnosis.
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