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To send 4K HDR from AWS Elemental Live to YouTube, configure an Apple HLS output group using YouTube’s HLS ingest instructions, encode the video as 10-bit HEVC, and preserve HDR signaling that matches the source. AWS’s worked example uses 3840×2160 at 59.94 fps, 20 Mbps, and a two-second GOP; those are example values, not universal requirements. YouTube’s current HLS and HDR requirements take precedence over details in AWS’s April 14, 2021 tutorial.
Before you configure the event
Confirm that the source is genuinely HDR and that your installed Elemental Live version and license support the required encoding and color workflow. A 4K frame size alone does not make footage HDR. YouTube requires HEVC for HDR live streaming, with 10-bit video, BT.2020 primaries and matrix, and transfer characteristics of PQ (ST 2084) or HLG consistent with the content. See YouTube’s HDR live-streaming guidance.
- Use HDR camera footage recorded as PQ or HLG, or another source whose HDR characteristics you can verify.
- Check the current YouTube HLS endpoint and stream-key instructions in Live Control Room before setting up the event. Do not reuse a stream key from an example or publish your actual key.
- Confirm the appliance’s HEVC and Main10 capability against the documentation for your installed version. AWS’s cited appliance-series limitation concerns Dolby Vision output; do not apply it automatically to HDR10. See AWS Elemental Live documentation.
Elemental Live can transcode and apply color processing, but the output metadata must accurately represent the source. Do not force HDR metadata onto SDR footage to make it appear HDR.
Set up YouTube HLS ingest
- Prepare the YouTube live event. In YouTube Live Control Room, create or open the event and choose an HLS stream key. For HDR HLS, YouTube says to leave “Turn on manual settings” unchecked, which is the default. Follow the endpoint and credential details shown for your event; the endpoint can change.
- Create an Elemental Live event and configure its input. Use the input that carries your verified HDR source. Check the input and output color settings so they do not convert, strip, or mislabel the source’s HDR characteristics.
- Add an Apple HLS output group. Configure the destination from YouTube’s current HLS ingest details and enter the event’s stream key as required by the installed Elemental Live interface. AWS’s 2021 example includes a YouTube HLS destination URL with a trailing ampersand; treat that as version-specific example syntax, not a URL to copy blindly.
- Set HLS transport behavior. YouTube specifies MPEG-2 transport stream segments between 1 and 4 seconds, a rolling playlist with no more than five outstanding segments, HTTPS POST or PUT, no byte ranges, and no encryption beyond HTTPS. AWS’s example uses two-second segments and Basic PUT. Verify the corresponding options in your Elemental Live version.
- Start the output and verify ingest. Start the event, then check YouTube Live Control Room for incoming video and any ingest or encoding warnings. Never use the preview’s colors as proof of HDR: YouTube says the Live Control Room preview does not display HDR colors.
Configure the video encoder
AWS’s April 14, 2021 Elemental Live tutorial gives a concrete HDR10 configuration. Use it as a starting example only, and match frame rate, color treatment, and metadata to the actual source.
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| Setting | AWS worked-example value | How to apply it |
|---|---|---|
| Resolution | 3840Ă—2160 | Use only if the source and production chain provide this resolution. |
| Video codec | HEVC | YouTube requires HEVC for HDR live streams. |
| Frame rate | 59.940 fps | Match the source and production cadence rather than converting unnecessarily. |
| Video bitrate | 20,000,000 bits/s (20 Mbps) | This is AWS’s example value, not a universal YouTube recommendation. Check YouTube’s current encoder table for your codec, resolution, frame rate, and locale. |
| GOP / keyframe interval | 2 seconds | YouTube’s general live encoder advice calls for a two-second keyframe frequency and says not to exceed four seconds. |
| B-frames | 2 | AWS’s example setting; validate against the installed encoder configuration. |
| GOP structure | Closed GOP; cadence 1 | AWS’s example setting. |
| Reference frames | 1 | AWS’s example setting. |
| Profile | Main10 / main profile as presented in the tutorial | Use a 10-bit HEVC profile compatible with the source and YouTube’s HDR ingest. |
| Scene-change detection | Enabled as specified in AWS’s tutorial | Check the installed interface for the corresponding option and behavior. |
| Color processing | Color corrector enabled; Force HDR10 selected | Use only when the source and intended output are HDR10. Do not force this setting for SDR, HLG, or a source whose metadata does not support HDR10. |
YouTube’s current live encoder settings guidance provides bitrate recommendations by resolution and frame rate. Because the published recommendations can differ by codec and regional page variant, consult the current table for your exact configuration instead of treating AWS’s 20 Mbps as a general target.
Check HDR signaling and what viewers see
For an HDR output, confirm all of the following along the actual source-to-encoder path:
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- The video is 10-bit HEVC.
- Color primaries and matrix identify BT.2020.
- The transfer characteristic is PQ (ST 2084) or HLG, matching the source.
- Color conversion and metadata agree; an HDR label cannot make SDR content HDR.
YouTube can deliver HDR to viewers on supported HDR devices; viewers on devices without HDR support receive an SDR version. The Live Control Room preview does not show HDR colors, so use the ingest status and appropriate HDR playback equipment to assess the delivery rather than relying on preview appearance. Details are in YouTube’s HDR help page.
Troubleshoot a failed or non-HDR stream
YouTube does not receive the HLS output
- Check the destination and key: Compare the configured endpoint and stream key with the current event details in Live Control Room. Re-enter credentials privately if needed; do not share them in screenshots or logs.
- Check the HLS method and playlist: Confirm HTTPS POST or PUT, TS segments of 1–4 seconds, a rolling playlist with at most five outstanding segments, no byte ranges, and no additional encryption.
- Check the output group: Verify that the Apple HLS group is enabled, the event is running, and the correct output is associated with the source.
The stream is visible but not recognized or delivered as HDR
- Check the stream-key type: For HDR HLS, use an HLS stream key and leave “Turn on manual settings” unchecked.
- Check the encoded signal: Verify 10-bit HEVC and BT.2020 primaries and matrix, with PQ or HLG transfer characteristics matching the source.
- Check conversion and metadata: Remove a forced HDR10 setting if the source is SDR or HLG; do not infer HDR from a 4K resolution or from a label alone.
- Check with a supported display: The Live Control Room preview does not display HDR color, so its appearance is not a valid HDR visual test.
Video is unstable or quality is poor
- Compare the bitrate with YouTube’s current encoder settings for the exact codec, resolution, and frame rate; AWS’s 20 Mbps value is specific to its example.
- Check that the source can sustain the selected output frame rate and resolution, and that the encoder is not being asked to convert unnecessarily.
- Confirm the keyframe interval is two seconds where possible and does not exceed four seconds, following YouTube’s general advice.
- If the installed Elemental Live controls or appliance capabilities do not match the tutorial, use documentation for that specific version and license rather than assuming the 2021 labels still apply.
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