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A free scan shows the junk files, broken settings and background clutter dragging Windows down - then fixes them in one click.Free scan · Windows 10 & 11No: the strongest direct evidence in a 2024 study finds that feminists’ overall attitudes toward men were positive and showed little-to-no reliable difference from nonfeminists’ attitudes. The same research found that people tended to underestimate feminists’ warmth toward men. That does not mean every feminist feels the same way, or that anger about sexism is absent; it means the broad “man-hater” stereotype is not supported by the measured attitudes in this body of research.
What did the 2024 research find?
Aífe Hopkins-Doyle and colleagues’ 2024 peer-reviewed paper, The Misandry Myth: An Inaccurate Stereotype About Feminists’ Attitudes Toward Men, reports five studies involving 9,799 participants across nine national contexts. The researchers used different samples and approaches, including explicit and implicit measures of attitudes, questions about what people believe feminists think of men, and a nationally representative sample of UK adults. The full project was not one representative international poll.
In the paper’s meta-analysis, the estimated difference between feminists’ and nonfeminists’ attitudes toward men was small and not statistically reliable: d = -0.07, 95% CI [-0.17, 0.04], p = .204. A separate analysis found no reliable association between strength of feminist identification and explicit attitudes toward men (r = -0.04, 95% CI [-0.11, 0.02], p = .199). These are statistical estimates, not population percentages. The authors’ overall finding was that feminists’ measured attitudes were positive relative to neutral benchmarks and were not reliably less positive than nonfeminists’.
The result is evidence against a broad stereotype, not proof that every individual feminist likes men or that no feminist ever expresses hostility. “Feminist” can refer to self-identification, degree of identification, particular ideological views, or participation in collective action; those are not interchangeable categories.
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Why does the stereotype persist?
The studies found a gap between feminists’ reported attitudes and other people’s estimates of those attitudes. In the meta-analysis, people’s estimates of feminists’ warmth toward men were substantially lower than feminists’ actual reported warmth (d = -0.95, 95% CI [-1.35, -0.55]). Perceived attitudes were negative relative to a neutral benchmark even as feminists’ measured attitudes were positive.
The paper associates this misperception with hostile sexism and with believing that feminists see men and women as especially dissimilar. These are reported associations, not proof that one cause explains the stereotype in every setting.
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The University of Surrey’s 17 November 2023 summary of the study quotes lead author Dr Aífe Hopkins-Doyle describing the “misandry myth” as a perception that has been used to discredit feminism. The peer-reviewed article is the primary source for the findings; the university release provides context and the author’s public comments: New study debunks myth that feminists hate men.
Does anger about sexism mean hatred of men?
No. The research distinguishes overall evaluations of men as a group from anger about men’s mistreatment of women. Support for or participation in #MeToo was associated with anger about mistreatment, but not with negative overall evaluations of men. Criticizing sexism, unequal power, or a particular person’s conduct is not the same as holding a generally negative view of men.
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The authors also describe two opposing pathways in attitudes: perceiving men as a greater threat to women was associated with less favorable evaluations, while perceiving men as more similar to women was associated with more favorable evaluations. This helps explain how concern about harm and positive general attitudes can coexist. The paper also reports some negative associations between measures of radical or cultural feminist ideology and positivity toward men; those findings qualify the overall picture but do not reverse the pooled result.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.How does this compare with earlier research?
A 2009 study by Kristin Anderson, Melissa Kanner, and Nisreen Elsayegh examined 488 ethnically diverse college students who identified as feminists or nonfeminists. Using the Ambivalence toward Men Inventory, it reported lower hostility toward men among feminists. The later paper notes that feminists also scored lower on benevolence toward men, making the findings more complicated than a simple measure of warmth.
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The inventory’s hostility and benevolence scales include gender-stereotyped or ideological statements, so they do not measure exactly the same thing as general liking. The student sample also has narrower reach than a nationally representative adult sample. The 2009 study is useful historical context; it should not outweigh the later synthesis of varied methods and samples. See the original article, Are Feminists man Haters? Feminists’ and Nonfeminists’ Attitudes Toward Men.
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What the evidence can—and cannot—tell us
- It can: show that across the 2024 paper’s studies and measures, feminists’ overall attitudes toward men were positive and little-to-no less positive than nonfeminists’.
- It can: show that participants tended to underestimate feminists’ reported warmth toward men.
- It cannot: establish the feelings of every person who identifies as a feminist, or prove that groups are identical in every population, measure, or situation.
- It cannot: turn associations and modeled pathways into established causes of every stereotype or attitude.
- It does not: treat anger at mistreatment, criticism of sexism, and overall attitudes toward men as the same outcome.
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