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Zero vs Appu Raja: Before Shah Rukh Khan, There Was Kamal Haasan’s Apoorva Sagodharargal

The Zero teaser brought Kamal Haasan's 1989 Apoorva Sagodharargal back into conversation. Here is what the earlier film is, what Haasan says about its stature effect, and why the comparison is about memory rather than copying.
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Yes. Kamal Haasan’s Tamil film Apoorva Sagodharargal, released in 1989 and known in Hindi as Appu Raja, is the earlier film that viewers and critics recalled when the first teaser for Shah Rukh Khan’s Zero showed him as a dwarf. The comparison is about chronology and cultural memory. It does not show that Zero borrowed from the earlier film, and Khan has publicly distinguished his character from Appu.

Why the teaser brought Appu Raja back

Scroll’s coverage of the Zero teaser tied the comparison directly to the first look at Khan as a dwarf. It noted that the teaser inevitably brought Haasan’s portrayal in Apoorva Sagodharargal back into discussion, 29 years after that film. The reference point is public memory of a famous screen treatment of a short-statured character, not an established link between the two productions.

The 1989 film at a glance

The National Film Archive of India’s catalogue for the International Film Festival of India (2015 edition) lists Apoorva Sagodharargal as a 1989 Tamil colour film with a runtime of 150 minutes. Its credits are:

Role Name(s)
Director Singeetam Srinivasa Rao
Producer Raaj Kamal Films International
Story Panchu Arunachalam
Screenplay Kamal Haasan
Dialogues Crazy Mohan
Cinematography P. C. Sriram
Editors B. Lenin and V. T. Vijayan
Music Ilaiyaraaja
Cast Kamal Haasan, Manorama, Gouthami, Rupini, Srividya, Nagesh, Jaishankar, Nassar, Delhi Ganesh, Janakaraj

The premise: two estranged twins

The catalogue synopsis describes twins separated in childhood who grow up in different localities. One, Appu, becomes a circus clown. The other, Raja, is a mechanic. Appu later learns that their father was an honest police officer who was killed by four criminals. The film’s story is built on that separation and the twins’ eventual reunion, and the character of Appu is the one whose physical stature is central to the film’s identity.

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The title pairs the two brothers, but the film’s public reputation rests mostly on Appu. That is why the teaser comparison focused on him rather than on Raja.

Haasan’s account of how the Appu effect was made

In a 2018 CNN-News18 interview, transcribed and published by Business News This Week on 4 August 2018, Haasan described the stature effect as achieved in camera. He said:

“No, it was all in camera we had no CGI…”

He described the starting point as an idea rather than a script:

“Of course, I designed it. So I sat down the first idea was to do a dwarf. We didn’t have a story it was just an idea.”

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According to Haasan, the team tested the look with video cameras and different angles, using what he called the “wire and rubber band technique,” before returning to screenplay development. He said an early version did not work and that the director allowed him to go back to the screenplay. He also said he wanted Appu, rather than Raja, to be the protagonist.

These are Haasan’s own recollections, given about a film made nearly three decades earlier. The transcript contains typos and informal punctuation, which are preserved in the quotations above. No production document, such as a technical log or shooting schedule, was located to confirm the sequence of tests.

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What Khan has said about Appu and Bauua Singh

A 2025 Times of India retrospective reports Khan’s pre-release comments distinguishing his character, Bauua Singh, from Appu Raja. As reported by the newspaper, Khan described Zero as being about “incompleteness” rather than being a film principally about stature. He also said he did not want the story to assume that a short-statured character would necessarily be placed in a circus.

These remarks are Khan’s, as relayed by the publication years after the film’s release. They describe his intentions for the story. They are not an independent reading of the finished film.

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What the comparison does and does not establish

The comparison is supported on three points: the earlier film’s premise and credits, the public context of the teaser, and Khan’s reported distinction between the two characters. It is not supported as a claim of influence, copying or adaptation.

A fair comparison has to work along specific axes. The table below lists those axes and what the available sources establish for each film.

Axis Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989) Zero (Bauua Singh)
Story function of the short-statured character Appu is one of two estranged twins; his stature drives his circus-clown identity and the reunion plot Khan’s reported view is that the story is about “incompleteness,” not stature; the film’s own plot details are not established here
Setting and circus imagery Appu is a circus clown; Raja grows up as a mechanic in a different locality Khan said he did not want a short-statured character to be placed in a circus by default; no other setting is established
What the film says its central story is about Separation of twins, their father’s murder, and the search for justice Incompleteness, per Khan’s reported remarks
Screen technique for depicting stature Achieved in camera, without CGI, according to Haasan’s 2018 recollection Not stated in available reporting

The technical row shows the limit of the evidence. A detailed comparison of how Zero created its stature effect would need production material or first-hand reporting that is not available here.

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Reading the title’s “before”

“Before Shah Rukh Khan” is a chronological cue. Apoorva Sagodharargal dates to 1989, while the comparison arose when Zero was announced and its teaser released. Nothing in the sources reviewed says Khan’s film was modelled on Haasan’s, and Khan’s reported comments argue for a different story.

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Watching the film

The sources here do not confirm current streaming availability or physical-media stock for Apoorva Sagodharargal or Appu Raja. Check current listings from the official distributor or a reputable retailer before watching, and confirm which version (Tamil original or Hindi dub) you are getting.

Viewers who want the context behind the stature effect can use Haasan’s 2018 interview as a starting point, keeping in mind that it is one participant’s memory of the production.

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