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Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minuteDriver Scan →Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problemsFix Now →Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesFind Drivers →On May 29, 1953, Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay Sherpa reached the summit of Mount Everest together—the first recorded ascent of the world’s highest mountain. Their achievement is the starting point for any account of Everest’s most consequential climbers, but greatness on the mountain has taken more than one form: a historic first, a technical breakthrough, repeated summit experience and work that continued long after a climb ended.
Who are the greatest Mount Everest climbers of all time?
There is no official or objective ranking of Everest climbers. This selection recognizes five people for distinct, well-documented contributions: Hillary and Tenzing for the first ascent; Reinhold Messner for a landmark climb without supplemental oxygen; and Apa Sherpa and Kami Rita Sherpa for repeated summit achievements. It also considers Hillary’s work with Himalayan communities after his climbing career. These are different kinds of achievement, not a scorecard—and the selection is not a claim that other climbers are less deserving.
The Himalayan Database records Hillary and Tenzing as the first summiters on May 29, 1953. It lists the mountain at 8,849 metres and also records its names as Sagarmatha, Chomolungma and Qomolungma. Himalayan Database
Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay: the first ascent, together
Edmund Hillary
Hillary’s place in Everest history rests first on the 1953 ascent, achieved with Tenzing Norgay as part of a British expedition. Neither man should be described as the sole first climber: they reached the summit together. Hillary’s career also extended beyond climbing. Through the Himalayan Trust, he supported schools, clinics, bridges and other facilities for communities in the region. New Zealand’s biographical accounts document both his mountaineering and this later work. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography; NZHistory
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Tenzing Norgay
Tenzing was not simply a companion to Hillary’s achievement; he was one of the two first summiters. His role and expertise belong at the centre of the story. The attention later given to the two men has not always been balanced. In an Associated Press interview published October 6, 2026, film director Jennifer Peedom said, “Tenzing’s story is the ultimate underdog heroic story but had been pushed to the margins.” That is Peedom’s view on Tenzing’s visibility, not a substitute for the historical record of the joint ascent. Associated Press
For a first-person account of Hillary’s own climbing experiences, his autobiography High Adventure is an identified resource; it is not a history of all five climbers in this selection. Hillary Institute biography
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Reinhold Messner: a technical milestone shared with Peter Habeler
In 1978, Reinhold Messner and Peter Habeler climbed Everest without supplemental oxygen, a distinct technical achievement from being first to the summit. Nepal’s Department of Tourism includes the ascent in its 2025 mountaineering facts summary. The milestone belongs to both climbers: naming Messner without Habeler would misrepresent the achievement. Department of Tourism, Government of Nepal
Apa Sherpa: 21 Everest summits by 2011
Apa Sherpa’s record of repeated ascents reflects a different kind of distinction from a first ascent or a technical first. The Apa Sherpa Foundation biography records his 21st Everest summit on May 11, 2011. The page calls it a world record, but that dated figure does not establish a current record. Apa Sherpa Foundation
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Kami Rita Sherpa: a record reported in 2024
An Associated Press report in 2024 described Kami Rita Sherpa’s 30th Everest summit as a record. That is the total reported at that time, not a verified count for 2026. His achievement also points to the repeated expertise and effort of Sherpa climbers, whose work is essential to many Everest expeditions and deserves recognition in its own right. Associated Press
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.What makes an Everest climber “great”?
The five stories show why summit totals alone cannot settle the question. Hillary and Tenzing share the historical consequence of the first ascent; Messner and Habeler reached a technical milestone; Apa and Kami Rita are recognized here for dated records of repeated summits; and Hillary’s legacy includes sustained community work. Everest history is richer when these contributions are kept distinct—and when the people behind each achievement are named accurately.
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