A stopped FFmpeg stream from an AWS Mumbai instance cannot be diagnosed from the region name alone. Correlate timestamped FFmpeg errors, YouTube Live Control Room health messages, encoder and source health, and EC2 network observations before changing bitrate or resizing the instance. The steps below help distinguish a local encoding problem from a YouTube ingestion or outbound-network problem without assuming a cause for your incident.
1. Preserve evidence before changing settings
Record the exact time the stream stopped, then collect the evidence covering startup through failure. Keep the stream key private: redact it from commands, logs, screenshots, and support posts.
- The complete FFmpeg command with the stream key redacted.
- The FFmpeg version and build configuration.
- Complete, timestamped FFmpeg stderr from startup through the stop.
- CPU utilization around the failure and whether the local source or archive remained healthy.
- The YouTube stream-health indicator and timestamped messages at the same time.
- EC2 network observations covering the same interval.
YouTube recommends checking encoder errors, CPU load, and local archive quality when diagnosing encoder problems. See YouTube’s live-stream troubleshooting guidance.
2. Check YouTube Live Control Room
Compare the failure timestamp with the stream-health indicator and any error messages in Live Control Room. Confirm that FFmpeg is using the current stream URL and key for the intended event, and check that the configured protocol matches the endpoint.
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If using RTMPS, copy the RTMPS URL from Live Control Room rather than assuming the ordinary RTMP URL is interchangeable. For connection timeouts or SSL errors, verify the RTMPS host and protocol; YouTube’s RTMPS instructions also describe using port 443. Check YouTube’s live-stream error messages against the exact message and timestamp.
A healthy local encoder output alongside unhealthy YouTube ingestion points toward outbound connectivity or ingestion configuration. Local encoder errors, high CPU, or a defective source point instead toward the encoder or source. These are diagnostic branches, not conclusions about an incident without its logs.
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3. Check bitrate and encoding settings
The total stream bitrate must fit within available upload bandwidth. YouTube recommends leaving 20% headroom and testing the actual outbound connection; download speed and an instance’s advertised peak network rate do not establish that the streaming path can sustain the configured bitrate. See YouTube’s streaming tips.
Use YouTube’s current encoder settings and bitrate table for the chosen codec, resolution, and frame rate rather than selecting a bitrate by resolution alone. YouTube’s guidance lists RTMP/RTMPS and H.264, H.265, or AV1 video options; AAC or MP3 audio; CBR bitrate encoding; and a recommended two-second keyframe interval that should not exceed four seconds. Confirm the installed FFmpeg build supports the selected codec and that the command actually applies the intended settings.
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4. Check EC2 network performance and limits
Identify the actual instance capacity
Find the exact EC2 instance type and compare its documented network performance, baseline and burst behavior, and concurrent traffic with the stream’s sustained outbound demand. AWS says available bandwidth depends on instance type, vCPU count, traffic destination, and network allowances. “Mumbai” identifies a region, not the instance’s network capacity and not proof of a regional fault. Consult AWS’s EC2 network bandwidth documentation.
Review CloudWatch around the stop
Check NetworkOut and NetworkPacketsOut for the relevant instance and time window. These metrics show outgoing byte and packet volume, but a normal-looking coarse graph does not rule out a short-lived saturation event: AWS notes that instance metrics may be too coarse to reveal microbursts. See the EC2 CloudWatch metrics reference.
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Inspect ENA allowance metrics where available
Where Elastic Network Adapter (ENA) metrics are available, check allowance counters such as bw_out_allowance_exceeded, pps_allowance_exceeded, and conntrack_allowance_exceeded. On Linux, AWS documents collecting ENA network performance metrics through the CloudWatch Agent’s ethtool plugin. Verify the required metrics are configured and collection is working before treating a missing series as evidence of zero pressure. Follow AWS’s network performance metrics instructions.
5. Choose a fix that matches the evidence
- YouTube reports a connection timeout or SSL issue: verify the RTMPS endpoint and protocol, and check the port using YouTube’s RTMPS instructions.
- YouTube reports inadequate bandwidth, or AWS metrics show outbound allowance pressure: reduce bitrate or competing traffic, then retest against the documented performance of the exact instance type. Use YouTube’s bandwidth guidance and encoder settings alongside AWS’s network bandwidth documentation and allowance metrics guidance.
- FFmpeg reports encoder errors, CPU is saturated, or the local output/archive is defective: investigate source and encoding health before attributing the failure to AWS bandwidth. YouTube’s troubleshooting guidance covers encoder errors, CPU, and local archive checks.
- The evidence does not isolate a cause: repeat a controlled test and correlate all four evidence streams by timestamp. Change one relevant setting at a time rather than resizing the instance or altering several settings at once.
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