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One free scan finds every outdated or missing driver and matches the right update for your exact hardware.Free scan · exact hardware matchTo loop a local video indefinitely into YouTube Live, place FFmpeg’s -stream_loop -1 before the input’s -i option, and use -re to send the file at its native frame rate. Then send the encoded output to the RTMPS server URL and stream key shown in YouTube Live Control Room.
Before you start
- Install an FFmpeg build that includes the encoders you plan to use, such as
libx264and AAC support. - Keep the video file accessible at a known path, and check that its audio and video play correctly.
- In YouTube Studio, open Live Control Room and create or select a stream. Copy the server URL and stream key supplied there. Treat the key like a password: anyone with it may be able to send a feed to your stream.
- Check that your internet upload capacity can sustain the chosen video and audio bitrate, with some headroom for normal fluctuations.
YouTube recommends RTMPS, the secure extension to RTMP. Use the exact RTMPS URL from Live Control Room rather than guessing an ingest address. See YouTube’s current encoder settings and encoder setup instructions.
Run FFmpeg with an infinite loop
- Open a terminal on the computer holding the video. Change
input.mp4below to the file’s path. - Replace the destination with the full RTMPS URL and stream key provided by YouTube Live Control Room. Do not share the resulting command if it contains your key.
- Run the command and watch FFmpeg’s output for connection or encoding errors.
ffmpeg -re -stream_loop -1 -i input.mp4
-c:v libx264 -preset veryfast
-b:v 4500k -maxrate 4500k -bufsize 9000k -g 60
-c:a aac -b:a 128k
-f flv "rtmps://YOUR_YOUTUBE_INGEST_URL/YOUR_STREAM_KEY"This is an illustrative command pattern, not a tested or guaranteed command. Its bitrate and keyframe values are examples only; select settings for your resolution, frame rate, source and available upload bandwidth. The destination placeholder must be replaced with the exact URL and key from YouTube.
What the loop and pacing options do
-stream_loop -1
FFmpeg defines -stream_loop as an input option: -1 means loop indefinitely, while 0 means no loop. Put it before the -i for the file it controls. In this command, FFmpeg keeps reading the file again until you stop the process or the connection ends. The option does not itself guarantee a gapless transition between the end and beginning of the media.
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-re
For this local-file workflow, -re reads the input at its native frame rate (equivalent to -readrate 1). Without real-time pacing, FFmpeg generally reads a file as quickly as it can, rather than feeding it to a live output in real time. FFmpeg cautions against applying low-rate real-time pacing to actual capture or live inputs; here the input is a stored file. See the FFmpeg command-line documentation.
Encoding versus stream copy
The example re-encodes video as H.264 with libx264 and audio as AAC. Re-encoding gives you control over output settings, but uses computer resources. Stream copy can reduce encoding work, but is suitable only if the source codecs, timestamps, audio and output muxing work for the target ingest. There is no universal assurance that an arbitrary file can be copied through unchanged.
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Choose YouTube-compatible video and audio settings
YouTube’s encoder settings page, accessed October 3, 2026, lists RTMP/RTMPS ingest, H.264, H.265 (HEVC) and AV1 video, frame rates up to 60 fps, and AAC or MP3 audio. It recommends constant bitrate encoding and a two-second keyframe interval; the interval should not exceed four seconds. The published H.264 bitrate guidance includes the following values:
| H.264 output | Minimum bitrate | Recommended bitrate |
|---|---|---|
| 720p at 30 fps | 3 Mbps | 8 Mbps |
| 1080p at 30 fps | 5 Mbps | 14 Mbps |
These are YouTube’s published recommendations, not test results, and its settings page may change. Choose a profile appropriate to your resolution and frame rate, and make sure your sustained upload capacity can carry the combined stream bitrate. The sample command’s -g 60 sets a 60-frame GOP; that corresponds to two seconds only at 30 fps. Adjust the GOP to match your output frame rate and YouTube’s two-second keyframe guidance.
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The example’s -b:v, -maxrate and -bufsize are encoding controls, not a substitute for checking YouTube’s current recommendations. Confirm your FFmpeg build supports the chosen codecs and RTMPS output, particularly if you change the command or use a different build.
Confirm that YouTube is receiving the video
- Keep FFmpeg running and open the stream in Live Control Room.
- Wait for YouTube’s incoming preview. Check that both picture and sound are present and that the stream health information does not show a problem.
- If you created a scheduled stream, click Go live after the preview appears, as directed in YouTube’s setup workflow.
- For a stream you intend to leave running, test first with representative movement and audio, and monitor the stream health rather than relying only on FFmpeg’s local output.
When finished, stop FFmpeg and end the stream in Live Control Room. YouTube says streams under 12 hours are automatically archived.
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Troubleshoot common failures
- FFmpeg says it cannot find the file: Check the spelling, working directory and path. Quote paths containing spaces, for example
-i "/path/to/my video.mp4". - The stream does not connect: Confirm you copied the complete server URL and key from the correct Live Control Room stream, that the key has not been rotated, and that the network allows the connection. Do not replace the supplied address with a guessed ingest URL.
- The build rejects RTMPS or a codec: Check the local FFmpeg build’s available protocols and encoders, then use a build that supports the required output and selected codecs. Support varies by build.
- YouTube receives a stream but reports poor health: Compare resolution, frame rate, bitrate and keyframe interval with YouTube’s current settings. Check sustained upload capacity and avoid choosing a bitrate that saturates the connection.
- There is no sound or the output fails on audio: Check that the source has an audio stream and that the selected audio encoder is available. The example explicitly encodes audio as AAC; a file with unusual or missing audio may need a different command.
- The loop’s join is noticeable: Infinite looping repeats the input, but this does not promise a seamless transition. Check the source’s ending and beginning; the cited FFmpeg and YouTube guidance does not establish gapless looping for arbitrary files.
- The command stops unexpectedly: FFmpeg only loops while its process and connection continue. Inspect the terminal’s error, verify the connection and file access, and restart after addressing the cause.
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