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This article interprets the title as referring to EgyptAir Flight 804 (MS804), an Airbus A320 that crashed in the Mediterranean on 19 May 2016. Its cause remains disputed: Egypt’s final report concluded that an explosion occurred in a galley near the cockpit, while an earlier French BEA explanation pointed to a rapidly spreading cockpit fire. If you meant a different Airbus A320 crash, please clarify which flight.
What happened to EgyptAir Flight 804?
MS804 was flying from Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris to Cairo International Airport. The aircraft, an Airbus A320-232 registered as SU-GCC, crashed into the Mediterranean Sea, killing all 66 people aboard: 56 passengers and 10 crew.
The wreckage and flight recorders were recovered during the search. Reports of the French explanation said ACARS had flagged smoke aboard and the cockpit voice recorder captured the crew discussing a fire. These reported indications inform the French account, but they do not settle the disagreement between the French and Egyptian conclusions.
The main explanations for the crash
| Explanation | Authority or source | Date and status | What the dossier supports |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rapidly spreading cockpit fire | French Bureau of Enquiry and Analysis for Civil Aviation Safety (BEA) | Reported in 2018 as the French explanation | The BEA said recorder information indicated a cockpit fire at cruising altitude that spread rapidly and caused loss of control. |
| Explosion in a galley near the cockpit, followed by smoke and fire | Egypt’s Civil Aviation Authority | Conclusion of its final report, released 30 October 2024 | Egypt’s report concluded that an explosion in the galley near the cockpit caused the crash. |
| Terrorism or a bomb | Early media reports relaying Egyptian officials’ suspicions | Early investigation claims, not an established finding in the reviewed material | Reports described suspicions and claims of explosive traces, but also said hard evidence had not emerged at that point. An explosion finding alone does not establish terrorism or identify a perpetrator. |
| Equipment failure or another mechanical cause | Considered in early coverage | Broad possibility, not an established finding | The reviewed sources do not support a separate, demonstrated mechanical-failure explanation. |
What did the French BEA say?
In 2018, reporting on the BEA’s explanation said information from the flight recorders indicated that a fire began in the cockpit at cruising altitude and spread rapidly. The Guardian quoted the BEA’s description: “a fire broke out in the cockpit while the plane was at cruising altitude and the fire spread rapidly, causing the loss of control of the aircraft”. The report also described crew discussion of a fire on the cockpit voice recorder and ACARS smoke warnings.
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French investigators had suspected that a mobile phone or tablet might have caught fire. This was the French explanation reported at that time; it should not be presented as a conclusion accepted by all investigating authorities.
What did Egypt’s final report conclude?
Egypt’s Civil Aviation Authority released its final report on 30 October 2024. The report concluded that an explosion in the galley near the cockpit caused the crash, followed by rapid smoke and fire. The sources reviewed do not support adding further technical details beyond that reported conclusion.
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This conclusion differs materially from the BEA explanation reported in 2018. The Egyptian report is a later final-report conclusion; the BEA account is an earlier explanation based on recorder information. They should be attributed separately rather than merged into a single agreed cause.
Do the findings prove the crash was terrorism?
No. Early reports relayed suspicions of terrorism and claims that explosive traces had been found, but those reports also noted that hard evidence had not emerged at that point. The Egyptian report’s conclusion that an explosion occurred does not, by itself, establish a terrorist motive, identify a perpetrator, or prove responsibility by any group.
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Frequently asked questions
What caused EgyptAir Flight 804 to crash?
The explanations differ. Egypt’s final report, released in 2024, concluded that an explosion in a galley near the cockpit caused the crash. The French BEA’s explanation, reported in 2018, pointed to a fire that began in the cockpit and spread rapidly.
Was EgyptAir Flight 804 a bomb or a fire?
The reviewed sources do not establish a single answer accepted by both authorities. Egypt’s report concluded an explosion occurred; the earlier French account described a rapidly spreading cockpit fire. The explosion conclusion alone does not establish that a bomb or terrorist act was involved.
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How many people died on EgyptAir Flight 804?
All 66 people aboard died: 56 passengers and 10 crew.
What did the EgyptAir 804 investigation conclude?
Egypt’s Civil Aviation Authority’s final report, released on 30 October 2024, concluded that an explosion in the galley near the cockpit caused the crash, followed by smoke and fire. The French BEA had earlier described a rapidly spreading cockpit fire based on flight-recorder information.
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