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Ashwani Kumar’s “Anatomy of Baranassrey” is not a factual chronology of Varanasi. It is a surreal, politically pointed poem in which myth, colonial-era survey language and contemporary politics collide. Kumar describes its history as “a fantasy, in part personal and political,” using mythic memory and ribaldry to challenge authoritarian narratives.
What is “Anatomy of Baranassrey” about?
The poem imagines Varanasi—also called Banaras—through a series of unstable historical and political tableaux. Sacred-city imagery sits alongside colonial references, figures from Hindu and Muslim traditions, artisans and religious communities, and election-era allusions. Ghats, Assi lane, Manikarnika, river pollution, communal conflict and the figure of a “great leader” recur in a mixture of satire, myth and fantasy.
These elements do not form a verified sequence of events. Their collision is part of the poem’s method: the city’s layered past and present are rendered as a shifting imaginative landscape rather than a documentary timeline.
Why does the title invoke James Rennell?
The title’s historical frame invokes Major James Rennell (1742–1830). Scroll’s accompanying note identifies him as the first Surveyor-General of Bengal, and associates him with an early comprehensive geographical survey of much of India. It also names his works The Bengal Atlas and Memoir of a Map of Hindoostan; or the Mogul Empire. Scroll’s poem page places Rennell in the poem’s framing, but the poem is not a documentary account of the history he surveyed.
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How Kumar describes the poem’s history
In a 2020 interview with Litinfinite, Kumar calls the poem’s history a “photo-dream-love play” and says it is “a fantasy, in part personal and political.” He explains that he uses mythic memory and ribaldry to “subvert-invert reality” and challenge what he calls the “lies and more lies” of authoritarian time, past and present. Read the interview.
That account offers a useful way into the poem without reducing it to a single political allegory. Its shifts between religious imagery, city memory and contemporary political suggestion invite readers to notice how different accounts of the past can shape the present.
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Publication and book context
Scroll published the poem on April 26, 2019, crediting Ashwani Kumar and noting that it was excerpted with permission from Banaras And The Other. The Litinfinite interview identifies the collection as a 2017 title published by Paper Wall Media & Publishing Pvt. Limited. The interview describes Kumar as a Mumbai-based Indian English poet and professor at Tata Institute of Social Sciences.
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