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There is no objective, worldwide winner for the best movie soundtrack. The strongest choices depend on what you mean by “soundtrack”: a film score built around themes and underscore, songs written for or selected by a film, or an album that combines both. This guide brings together memorable examples of each, explaining what the music does on screen and why it stands apart.
What counts as a movie soundtrack?
A film score is music composed or assembled to serve a film’s dramatic structure. It may use recurring themes, short motifs, or background underscore. A song-led soundtrack features songs associated with the film, whether written for it or selected from existing recordings. A soundtrack album may contain score cues, songs, or both; the album label alone does not tell you which.
That distinction matters when comparing iconic movie music. John Williams’s orchestral themes and a pre-existing recording placed in a scene are both important to a film, but they do different jobs. AFI’s score list and song list likewise use distinct criteria. Its song criteria consider musical quality, cultural impact, and legacy, including whether music sets a mood, defines character, advances plot, expresses themes, or resonates beyond the theater. AFI’s film-score list is specifically about American film scores; it is a useful reference, not a global consensus.
How to judge the most iconic movie music
“Best” and “iconic” are editorial judgments, not measurable universal results. A useful comparison asks whether a piece is memorable, how it functions in the story, what makes its sound distinctive, and whether its musical identity fits a score, a song, or a selected recording. The selections below draw on AFI’s American-film list and on comments from directors and composers featured by TIME. They are a representative listening guide, not a ranked global top twelve.
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Memorable film scores
Star Wars (1977) — John Williams
AFI placed Star Wars at number one on its 2005 list of the 25 greatest American film scores. Its instantly identifiable orchestral theme shows the power of a recurring musical idea: the score gives the fictional world a bold sonic identity and helps carry its sense of adventure. AFI’s selection is an institutional judgment within a defined American-film scope, not proof that every listener or country would choose the same winner.
Jaws (1975) — John Williams
Williams turns a compact musical motif into a source of suspense. The repeating figure makes an unseen threat feel present before the shark appears, demonstrating how a score can shape what an audience anticipates. AFI describes the motif as an enduring, recognizable example of Williams’s work. Director Gary Ross called the score “virtually perfect” in a 2014 TIME feature, while noting its evocation of terror.
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982) — John Williams
Where Jaws uses a spare motif to build menace, E.T. offers a contrasting example of emotionally expansive orchestral writing. AFI points to the score’s emotional character. The contrast makes the pair useful for hearing how one composer can use musical scale and movement to serve very different dramatic purposes.
Rank #2
- Beetlejuice (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) was first released in 1988 and features a score composed by Danny Elfman
Schindler’s List (1993) — John Williams
AFI describes this score as elegiac. Its emotionally focused approach is a reminder that a film score need not rely on a large, constantly changing sound to leave a strong impression; restraint can be central to its effect. Together, these three Williams scores illustrate distinct functions: suspense, emotional sweep, and elegy.
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Director Gary Ross describes Goldsmith’s score as transforming Gregorian chant into horror. That transformation gives the music a recognizable choral identity while turning a sacred musical form toward unease. It is a clear example of how instrumentation and musical associations can help establish a film’s atmosphere.
American Beauty — Thomas Newman
Ross singles out Newman’s marimba texture and the score’s uneasy, celebratory atmosphere. The distinctive timbre keeps the music from sounding like generic dramatic underscore; its tension between lightness and discomfort suits a film whose surface and emotional undercurrent do not quite agree.
Rank #3
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Nights of Cabiria — Nino Rota
Composer Julie Taymor describes Rota’s score as the lead character’s inner landscape, shifting between moods. That is a different kind of thematic storytelling from a signature action motif: the music follows a character’s emotional movement, helping the audience experience changes in feeling rather than simply identifying a place or threat.
The Good, the Bad and the Ugly — Ennio Morricone
Composer Gustavo Santaolalla highlights the score’s distinctive textures, timbres, and memorable melodies. Those qualities make it a strong example of musical identity built from more than a conventional orchestral palette. Its sound is immediately tied to the film’s world and style.
Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981) — John Williams
A TIME contributor describes the theme as memorable and as evolving with the character. Its appeal is not only that it can be recognized on its own: the recurring musical identity also connects the film’s adventure to its central figure.
Paris, Texas — Ry Cooder
Santaolalla points to Cooder’s minimalist slide-guitar approach and use of musical space. It offers a useful counterpoint to the large orchestral scores on this list: sparse instrumentation can give a film a strong sonic identity without filling every moment with music.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Song-led soundtracks and music selected for a film
The Wizard of Oz — songs by Harold Arlen and E. Y. “Yip” Harburg
This is song-centered film music, not simply an orchestral score. Composer Kristen Anderson-Lopez calls the film a game-changer and points to “Over the Rainbow.” Its songs are part of the film’s storytelling and identity, and the example shows why a discussion of iconic soundtracks should include songs written for a movie as well as instrumental scores.
2001: A Space Odyssey — “The Blue Danube”
Stanley Kubrick’s use of an existing Deutsche Grammophon recording of “The Blue Danube” illustrates a needle drop: music selected for a film rather than a score newly composed for it. TIME contributor John Landis uses the example to distinguish selected recordings from scores written for a particular movie. The musical choice still shapes the scene, even though it belongs to a different category of film music.
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What AFI’s ranking can—and cannot—tell you
AFI presented its 100 Years of Film Scores as a list of the 25 greatest American film scores. The selection was presented in a one-night live performance at the Hollywood Bowl on September 23, 2005. Its published list offers a concrete, named reference point for American cinema, but it does not rank song compilations alongside scores or establish a worldwide measure of popularity. TIME’s 2014 feature, with choices and commentary from directors and composers, shows how informed listeners can value different eras, sounds, and dramatic functions.
AFI’s 2015 announcement described John Williams as having more than 150 credits across seven decades and cited five Academy Award wins and 49 nominations. Those are figures reported in that announcement on October 8, 2015, not a newly verified current count. The same announcement quoted AFI Board of Trustees Chair Sir Howard Stringer saying, “John Williams has written the soundtrack to our lives.” The line captures Williams’s cultural reach as Stringer saw it, but it is an attributed opinion, not a measurement of recognition.
Choosing what to listen to
- For a recurring orchestral theme: try Star Wars or Raiders of the Lost Ark.
- For suspense built from a compact motif: try Jaws.
- For contrasting emotional approaches: compare the sweep of E.T. with the elegiac character AFI identifies in Schindler’s List.
- For distinctive textures beyond conventional orchestral writing: consider American Beauty, The Good, the Bad and the Ugly, or Paris, Texas.
- For songs written for a film: start with The Wizard of Oz; for a selected existing recording, consider “The Blue Danube” in 2001: A Space Odyssey.
When looking for an album, check its track list: one release may contain songs, another score cues, and some may combine the two. This guide does not establish current streaming availability, particular album editions, or prices.
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